The format
- Two papers of 20 multiple-choice questions, 75 minutes each, taken one after the other. Options run A to H (usually 5 to 8 of them). One mark per question, no negative marking: never leave a blank.
- No calculator, no dictionary, no formula booklet. Rough working goes on the question paper; only the answer sheet is marked, so transfer answers carefully (in pencil) as you go rather than at the end.
- Paper 1 tests Section 1 (AS pure plus Higher GCSE) as applications; Paper 2 tests reasoning: the same maths plus the logic and proof of Section 2. Both papers carry equal weight and grades run from 1.0 to 9.0 on the published conversion tables.
Timing
- 75 minutes for 20 questions is 3 minutes 45 seconds each. The papers are roughly ordered easy to hard, so bank the early marks quickly: aim to be at question 10 by 25-30 minutes.
- Two-pass strategy: on the first pass answer anything you can do in under 4 minutes; mark the rest, put a provisional answer on the sheet, and return. Never let one question eat 10 minutes.
- Use quick-fire's per-question stopwatch and the sprint mode to calibrate your pace before the real thing.
Answering multiple choice
- Options are information. For 'find the value' questions, test the options (substitute back, check a boundary value, check signs and units). For 'complete set of values' questions, test one number from each candidate interval.
- Eliminate: an option that fails a sanity check (negative area, a probability above 1, a root that makes a log argument negative) is gone. Then guess among what is left.
- Statement questions (I, II, III): decide each statement independently, hunting for a counterexample before believing 'must be true'. The eight-option list is always the same, so you only need the pattern.
- Draw. Sketching the graph or the sign chart is usually faster than algebra for 'how many solutions' and inequality questions.
Paper 2 vocabulary
| Phrase | Meaning |
|---|---|
| if A then B; A implies B; A only if B; B if A | A ⇒ B. Whenever A holds, B holds. Says nothing about what happens when A is false. |
| converse | B ⇒ A. Not equivalent to the statement. |
| contrapositive | (not B) ⇒ (not A). Equivalent to the statement. |
| A if and only if B | A ⇒ B and B ⇒ A. |
| P is sufficient for Q | P ⇒ Q (P is enough to guarantee Q). |
| P is necessary for Q | Q ⇒ P (Q cannot happen without P). |
| for all / for every | Refuted by a single counterexample. |
| for some / there exists | Proved by a single example; means 'at least one'. |
| the negation of ... | Swap 'for all' with 'there exists', 'and' with 'or', and negate the inner statement; not(x > 3) is x ≤ 3. |
| counterexample to 'if A then B' | A case where A is true and B is false. |
| the first error occurs on line ... | Find the first line that is not a valid deduction from the lines before it (dividing by zero, squaring, sinα = sinβ ⇒ α = β, multiplying an inequality by an unknown sign, assuming the conclusion). |
Common mathematical traps
- √(x²) = |x|. Squaring an equation or an inequality can add solutions; taking a square root can lose the negative one.
- Extraneous roots: solutions of a log or surd equation must be checked in the original.
- Counting solutions of trig equations: count the periods in the interval, check the endpoints and whether the interval is open or closed.
- Definite integral versus area: a region under the axis contributes a negative integral.
- The trapezium rule over-estimates a convex curve and under-estimates a concave one.
- Percentages compound multiplicatively; two successive 10% rises are 21%.
The week before
- Sit the most recent official papers under full timed conditions (use the online marking to get the real grade).
- Run the formula-recall deck until every card is 'easy' - there is no booklet.
- Reread the notes for your three weakest topics in the planner and redo their needs-work questions.